Migration by Greg Dubois

1. Which of these species

• Breeds in boreal coniferous forests where it occupies the high spruce canopy.

• Winters almost exclusively in the West Indies.

• Is one of the “spruce budworm specialists;” its population expands during outbreaks of this defoliating caterpillar.

2. Which of these species

• Is found throughout much of North America.

• Breeds most commonly in wet, deciduous thickets, especially those dominated by willows.

• Is a long-distance migrant that winters in Mexico, Central America and northern South America.

3. Which of these species

• Inhabits broad areas of North American forests but favors mature mixed coniferous – deciduous woodlands.

• Breeds in northern United States states from Minnesota to Maine south into Pennsylvania and West Virginia in Appalachians.

• Is a year-round resident from east Texas, north to Illinois and east to the Atlantic coast.

• Usually migrates only from northern half of range.

4. Which of these species

• Migrates to wintering grounds shortly after breeding season (July-Aug).

• Arrivals on the spring breeding grounds much earlier than other swallows.

• Winters along US Gulf coast, Mexico and Central America.

5. Which of these species

• Has one of the most northerly breeding distributions among American dabbling ducks.

• Is a short to medium distance migrator with a few populations winter in breeding range in western United States.

• Begins migrating from wintering areas in February with most birds arriving at breeding grounds by mid-May.

6. Which of these species

• Is a bird of scrubby second-growth areas and forest edges.

• Is a long distance migrant which breeds east of the Rocky Mountains in northern United States and southern Canada.

• Winters in Central America, the western Caribbean and northwest South America.

7. Which of these species

• Is one of North America’s most familiar songbirds.

• Is found in some season throughout much of North America, mostly east of Rocky Mountains.

• Breeds primarily in boreal coniferous and mixed forests.

8. Which of these species

• Is widely distributed in Eastern North America.

• Is a nocturnal, low-altitude migrant.

• Nests in young forests and old fields northward into southern Canada as well as being a year-round resident in the southern United States.

9. Which of these species

• Breeds range east of the Great Plains and South Dakota to east Texas to the to Atlantic coast.

• Has year-round residents in Florida, both coasts of Mexico, Central America and northern South America.

• Has birds from the eastern population thought to winter in Florida, the Greater Antilles and Cayman Islands.

• Has mid-continent birds that winter in Texas, Florida and Central America.

10. Which of these species

• Migrates widely through North and Central America but the eastern and western populations use different routes.

• Breeds as far north as Alaska and northern Canada, mostly in spruce/fir forests.

• Winters primarily in South America.